article · SAGE Open Medicine
The gut microbiome plays a fundamental role in human health and disease. Imbalances in gut microbial composition, termed dysbiosis, are linked to various conditions, including metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Fecal microbiota transplantation has emerged as a promising method to restore microbial equilibrium, though practical hurdles persist regarding standardisation, safety, and long-term efficacy. To address these issues, alternative next-generation therapies targeting the microbiome are in development. Evidence gathered from clinical trials, preclinical research, and emerging technologies outlines how modulating the microbiome can counter dysbiosis. Mechanistic insights into these therapies show their capacity to support treatments for metabolic diseases, indicating a transition towards innovative precision medicine and personalised interventions designed around the gut microbiome.
Disruptions to the gut microbiome contribute to widespread metabolic conditions like diabetes and obesity. Exploring how microbiome-targeted therapies operate helps identify safer and more reliable ways to rebalance gut health. Understanding these biological mechanisms supports the broader medical shift towards personalised healthcare, where treatments can be tailored more precisely to an individual's specific microbial profile.
The work outlines therapeutic applications targeting metabolic disorders, which could serve biotechnology firms, clinical research organisations, and healthcare providers developing precision biotherapeutics. Because the overview compiles data from preclinical studies, clinical trials, and early emerging technologies, these next-generation microbiome interventions span early-stage research to active clinical investigation, with standardisation and long-term safety presenting remaining hurdles before broader clinical and market adoption.
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The human microbiome, particularly the gut microbiome, has emerged as a central determinant of health and disease. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the microbial composition of the gut, is associated with a variety of metabolic and other diseases, highlighting the potential for microbiota-targeted treatments. Fecal microbiota transplantation has received considerable attention as a promising therapy to modulate the gut microbiome and restore microbial homeostasis. However, challenges remain, including standardization, safety, and long-term efficacy. This review summarizes current knowledge on fecal microbiota transplantation and describes the next generation therapies targeting microbiome. This review looked at the mechanistic understanding of fecal microbiota transplantation and alternative strategies, elucidating their potential role in improving dysbiosis-associated metabolic disorders, such as obesity, and type 2 diabetes and others. Additionally, this review discussed the growing application of therapies targeting the gut microbiome. Insights from clinical trials, preclinical studies, and emerging technologies provide a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape of microbiome-based interventions. Through a critical assessment of current advances and prospects, this review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting gut microbiome and pave the way for innovative approaches in precision medicine and personalized treatments.
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DOI: 10.1177/20503121241257486
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