Factors limiting access and availability of Breast Cancer medications in two referral hospitals in Douala, Cameroon

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer claims the lives of thousands of families worldwide and particularly in Cameroon each year. Access to anticancer drugs is often hindered by factors that remain undescribed. This study aimed to identify the barriers to access and availability of breast cancer drugs in two referral hospitals in Douala. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over six months in the oncology departments of the Douala General Hospital and Laquintinie Hospital. A total of 249 women with breast cancer were included. Data collected encompassed sociodemographic characteristics, financial information, administered treatments, as well as the cost and availability of medications. Analysis was performed using R software and binary logistic regression to identify key factors hindering access to and availability of anticancer drugs. Results: The mean age of the patients was 48 ± 12 years. Ninety-one percent of the medications were available, and 71% were accessible. Factors limiting the availability and accessibility of medications included stockouts (OR = 4.3; p = 0.001), family financial burden (OR = 3.44; p = 0.03), monthly income (OR = 7.20; p = 0.005), lack of health insurance (OR = 6.21; p = 0.001), and financing medications through loans (OR = 8.23; p = 0.04). Conclusion: Our findings underscore the need to strengthen supply chain infrastructure, promote financial assistance systems, and develop health policies aimed at improving equitable access to anticancer treatments.