Factors Affecting Women’s Political Representation in Tanzania

Abstract

This paper aim to comprehensively investigate the factors affecting women's political representation in Tanzania. A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing case study design in Dodoma city council. With purposeful sampling techniques, interviews were conducted with key informants from the election unit, ward executives, and members of parliament. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings underscore the significant challenges posed by cultural norms, socio-economic constraints, and institutional shortcomings. Traditional gender roles perpetuate the perception of women as primarily homemakers, limiting their engagement in politics, while socio-economic factors such as financial limitations and the burden of caregiving responsibilities further deter women from active political participation. Additionally, institutional factors such as the absence of gender-sensitive policies and support mechanisms create systemic barriers that hinder women's advancement in leadership roles. To enhance women's political representation, it is recommended that Tanzanian policymakers and political parties continue to support gender quotas and affirmative action policies, while also focusing on education and skills empowerment