review · Food Science & Nutrition
Resveratrol is a natural plant polyphenol that demonstrates significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities across clinical and laboratory evaluations. The compound directly neutralises free radicals and boosts the expression of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, protecting cellular proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids from oxidative damage. Human clinical trials indicate that dietary supplementation improves antioxidant defences and lowers markers of oxidative stress across diverse populations. Beyond antioxidant activity, resveratrol alters key inflammatory pathways, notably nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinases, leading to decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. It also regulates cellular processes such as programmed cell death, cell cycle progression, blood vessel formation, and immune responses. Translating these health benefits depends on overcoming delivery challenges, with current scientific interest focusing on nanotechnology formulations to enhance its bioaccessibility and bioavailability.
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are fundamental drivers of numerous health disorders. Resveratrol offers a natural means to counteract cellular damage and calm inflammatory responses across diverse bodily systems. Understanding how this compound functions, alongside developing modern nano-delivery methods, is vital for transforming a widely accessible plant molecule into reliable interventions that support long-term human health.
The compound holds clear potential for use in nutraceuticals, clinical supplements, and functional foods targeting inflammation and oxidative stress. Developing effective products will primarily interest pharmaceutical formulators, nutrition companies, and nanomedicine developers. However, the technology remains in an early to intermediate phase, as advanced clinical trials are still required to validate combinational nano-delivery systems and establish tailored administration methods before standardised products can reach the commercial market.
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Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol in various plants, has gained significant attention for its potential health-promoting properties. It has been demonstrated, after reviewing various clinical and in vitro studies, that resveratrol possesses potent antioxidant potential. Resveratrol demonstrates cellular component protection by directly neutralizing free radicals (FRs) and enhancing the expression of natural antioxidant enzymes, thereby mitigating oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Clinical trials have shown promising results, indicating that resveratrol supplementation can enhance antioxidant defenses and reduce oxidative damage markers in various populations. In addition to its antioxidant effects, resveratrol exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties. It can modulate key inflammatory pathways, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), thereby suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, resveratrol's multimodal effects extend beyond its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been discovered to exert regulatory effects on various cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and immunological responses. The primary aim of this review paper is to provide a thorough overview of the current knowledge on resveratrol, including its chemical composition, bioaccessibility, clinical effectiveness, and utilization in nanotechnology to enhance its bioavailability. From future perspectives, revising the administration methods for certain contexts and understanding the underlying systems responsible for resveratrol's effects will require further inquiry. For the highest potential health results, advanced trial-based research is necessary for combinational nano-delivery of resveratrol.
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DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3933
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