article · Chemistry & Biodiversity
Researchers have synthesised five distinct classes of heterocyclic chemical compounds built upon a trifluoromethylpyridine scaffold. The compounds were produced in high yields and confirmed using elemental and spectral analyses. The synthetic substances were subsequently screened for their insecticidal properties against the aphid species Aphis gossypii, examining their effects on both nymph and adult stages. Several evaluated compounds, specifically designated as 6a, 7a, 7c, and 15c, demonstrated strong potency against the target insects, exhibiting levels of insecticidal activity comparable to the standard commercial reference insecticide acetamiprid. In addition to testing overall insect mortality, the investigation assessed the histological impacts of these leading compounds on the digestive system of the aphids.
Aphids such as Aphis gossypii cause substantial damage to agricultural crops and can transmit destructive plant viruses. Identifying new chemical structures that rival the performance of existing insecticides is crucial for maintaining effective pest management options, particularly as insect populations develop resistance to current chemical treatments.
This work represents early-stage laboratory discovery for agrochemical developers seeking novel chemical leads for insect control formulations. The active compounds demonstrate insecticidal efficacy comparable to acetamiprid against Aphis gossypii, indicating potential utility in crop protection. However, the research remains at an early experimental stage, requiring further toxicity screening, field trials, formulation design, and regulatory evaluation before any commercial application is viable.
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Five types of heterocyclic compounds containing trifloromethylpyridine scaffold namely; 3-cyano-2-(N-phenyl)carbamoylmethylthio-6-(thiophen-2-yl)-4-trifluoromethyl-pyridine (6a), thieno[2,3-b]pyridines 3-5 and 7a-c, pyrido[3',2':4,5]thieno[3,2-d] pyrimidines 8-13 and 15a-c, pyrido[3',2':4,5]thieno[3,2-d][1,2,3]triazines 16a,b, and 9-(thiophen-2-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl) pyrido [3',2':4,5]thieno[2,3-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine (14) were synthesized in excellent yields and very pure state. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by elemental and spectral analyses. Most of the synthesized compounds were evaluated as insecticidal agents toward Aphis gossypii insects and promising results obtained. Among all tested compounds, only 6, 7a, 7c and 15c being the most potent compounds against nymphs and adults of Aphis gossypii and their activities are nearly to that of acetamiprid as a reference. The effect of 6a compounds 7a, 7c and 15c on the Aphis digestive system from histological point of view was also included.
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DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400451
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