Evaluation of the influence of implant scan body surface roughness on intraoral scanning accuracy: an in vitro study

Abstract

Introduction: Precise and reliable digital impressions obtained through intraoral scanning techniques are crucial for ensuring accurate prosthetic fit and optimal patient outcomes. Advancements in technology and scanning methodologies have significantly improved the accuracy of intraoral scanning, allowing for enhanced clinical efficiency and better treatment planning in dental procedures. Objective: The aim of the study is to assess how various levels of surface roughness of scan body and the scanning direction affects the accuracy of intraoral scanning. Methods: 3D Printed cast with 4 implant analogs placed parallel was fabricated. A total of 40 scans was subdivided equally into four groups based on the scan body surface roughness; Smooth, Rough 1 (R1), rough 2 (R2), and combination (smooth & rough). Cast was scanned using a laboratory scanner (reference) and an intraoral scanner will be used to scan each group. Superimposition of extraoral scan and intraoral scan of each group was done using best fit algorithm. Results: The two-way ANOVA results indicate that both scan body roughness and scan direction significantly affect trueness (p < 0.001), with partial eta squared values of 0.513 and 0.468, respectively. Additionally, there is a statistically significant interaction between scan body roughness and scan direction (p = 0.037, partial η² = 0.230) Conclusion: Smoother surfaces enhance data acquisition by reducing optical distortions caused by light scattering, while rougher textures introduce errors that compromise clinical outcomes