article · Journal of Prosthodontics
A laboratory study evaluated the flexural strength of six different denture base resins manufactured using varied techniques, including computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milling, three-dimensional printing, conventional compression moulding, and flexible polyamide processing. Testing was conducted on sixty standardised specimens across six material groups in accordance with international standards, using a three-point loading test on a universal testing machine. The results revealed statistically significant differences among the materials. The CAD-CAM milled resins, AvaDent and Polident, demonstrated the highest flexural strength values of all tested groups. The conventional heat-polymerised resin and one three-dimensional printed resin, NextDent, showed intermediate flexural strength. The flexible polyamide and the Harz printed resin produced the lowest values, performing significantly lower than the conventional material. Overall, milled resins exhibited superior flexural performance compared to additive and traditional methods.
Dentures must withstand continuous chewing forces without cracking or deforming during everyday use. By directly comparing digital manufacturing methods with traditional techniques, these findings show that computer-milled materials offer superior resistance to bending forces. This helps dental professionals select stronger materials for removable prostheses, potentially reducing the frequency of denture fractures and replacements for patients.
This research provides immediate practical guidance for dental laboratories, prosthodontists, and dental material manufacturers choosing fabrication systems. Because the study evaluates commercially available resins and established equipment under standard testing conditions, the insights are applied and tested. The evidence supports the commercial adoption of CAD-CAM milling where high mechanical strength is required, whilst highlighting strength limitations in certain commercial printing and polyamide options.
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PURPOSE: To compare the flexural strength of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milled denture base resin (DBR), 3D-printed DBR, polyamide, and conventional compression-molded DBR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six denture base resins were used, one conventional heat-polymerized (Vertex), two milled CAD-CAM (AvaDent and Polident), two 3D-printed (Harz and NextDent), and one flexible polyamide (Polyamide). According to ISO 20795-1:2013, 60 specimens (65×10×3 mm) were constructed and divided into six groups (n = 10), according to DBR type. The flexural strength was measured using a universal testing machine and three-point loading test. Data were collected and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's pair-wise post hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: One-way ANOVA results showed significant differences in flexural strengths between the tested DBRs (p˂0.001). Milled denture base resins (AvaDent and Polident) had significantly higher flexural strength values than the other groups (p˂0.001) and were followed by Vertex and NextDent, while Polyamide and Harz had the lowest values. Polyamide and Harz denture base resins had significantly lower flexural strength values than conventional denture base resin (p˂0.001). CONCLUSION: CAD-CAM milled DBRs showed the highest flexural strength when compared with conventional compression-molded or 3D-printed DBRs, while 3D-printed DBRs and polyamide showed the lowest flexural strengths.
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DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13514
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