Evaluation of Efficacy of Ultrasound Scan in Diagnosis of Mandibular Fracture

Abstract

Background: The mandible is the most common fractured facial bone following trauma to the craniofacial complex. Clinical diagnosis is mostly straightforward, complementary diagnostic imaging is, however, essential for confirmation, classification, treatment plan, and medicolegal reasons. Various modalities of imaging are available each with its advantages and disadvantages. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound scan (USS) in the diagnosis of mandibular fractures. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with clinical and radiological diagnoses of fracture in tooth-bearing region of the mandible were recruited. Ultrasound scanning of the fractured site(s) was performed for each patient. A sensitivity test was performed using 2 × 2 contingency table. Results: Fifty patients with 59 fracture sites were evaluated and USS showed 100% sensitivity in locating fracture lines in all the patients including displaced fractures. Incidentally, the facial artery crossing the inferior border of the mandible is recognized as the fixed landmark for fracture that is closer to it. Conclusions: USS has 100% sensitivity in diagnosing mandibular fracture in tooth-bearing regions. It is therefore suitable for bedside evaluation patients and pregnant women. Further studies may be needed to evaluate nontooth-bearing mandibular regions.