article · International journal of applied research in natural products
Laboratory testing assessed the chelating ability and antioxidant activity of an aqueous extract of African walnut, Tetracarpidium conophorum. Testing of graded extract concentrations between 2% and 10% weight per volume revealed that chelating performance decreased as the dose increased. The lowest tested concentration of 2% exhibited the highest chelating capability at 97.38%, alongside antioxidant activity that ranged across tests from minus 3.8% to 71.9%. Statistical analysis identified a significant positive correlation between chelating ability and antioxidant activity at the 2% concentration. Furthermore, at an 8% concentration, chelating capacity correlated significantly with total phenolics content. Because the extract demonstrates strong metal-binding capacity at low doses in laboratory conditions, it represents a candidate for developing therapies targeted at medical conditions associated with excess iron accumulation.
Iron overload is a harmful complication of genetic blood conditions such as thalassemia, where excess iron accumulates in the body. Identifying plant-derived substances capable of binding excess iron offers potential avenues for developing alternative therapeutic chelators that lower circulating iron levels and help mitigate the damage caused by heavy metal accumulation.
The findings suggest potential industrial applications in producing plant-based iron chelators for the pharmaceutical sector, specifically targeting clinical treatments for blood disorders like thalassemia. Because the evidence is restricted to in vitro laboratory assays, this research is at an early experimental stage and requires extensive further testing before real-world medicinal use is feasible.
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Summary: The chelating ability of aqueous extract of Tetracarpidium conophorum was assessed in vitro. The plant extract showed a dose dependent decrease in chelating ability in vitro .The values of chelating ability for graded doses (2%, 4%, 6% , 8% and 10% ,w/v) were 97.38, 90.56, 89.00, 87.46and 82.80%, respectively. The dose (2%,w/v) had the highest chelating ability. The antioxidant activity of the extract ranged from – 3.8% to 71.9%. At 8% concentration ,a strong positive significant correlation was observed between chelating ability and total phenolics concentration (r = 0.89; P = 0.01).At 2% concentration , the chelating ability of the extract showed a high positive significant correlation with antioxidant activity (r = 0.68; P = 0.001).In conclusion,the aqueous extract of Tetracarpidium conophorum could be used in the treatment of iron-overload disdorders due to its high chelating ability in vitro at low doses. Industrial relevance: Tetracarpidium conophorum extract may be explored in the industrial production of iron chelators due to its high chelating ability in vitro at low doses, which will be of clinical relevance in the treatment of iron-overload disorders such as thalassemia, a group of genetically inherited blood disorders characterized by defective globin chain of haemoglobin and iron overload. Iron chelators from the plant extract will decrease iron availability in the blood circulation of thalassemic patients.
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