Epidemiology of urinary stones in children Attending Minia University Hospital for Urology

Abstract

Background: Pediatric urolithiasis is a significant health problem with considerable morbidity. Over the past decades, the prevalence of pediatric nephrolithiasis has increased due to increased sodium intake, decreased calcium intake, low water intake, increased use of antimicrobials, poor nutrition, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Aims of study: To assess the prevalence of paediatric urolithiasis among children attending Minia University Hospital for Urology and to determine different risk factors related to pediatric urolithiasis. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study conducted among children < 16 years old attending Minia University Hospital for Urology during the period from January 2023 to October 2023.children and their parents were interviewed and the data was collected through a designed well-structured sheet included socio-demographic data and clinical data of children. Results: Out of 1200 children who met the inclusion criteria, 85 children were diagnosed with urolithiasis and the prevalence was estimated to be 7%. The mean age was 8.3 ± 4 years with 57.5% males and 42.5% females, 70% of the studied cases have positive family history of urinary stone. There are significant differences between various age groups regarding the clinical presentations; the recurrence rate was significantly higher in males (49%) than females (16%) Conclusions: The prevalence of pediatric urolithiasis is estimated at 7% in children attending Minia University Hospital with a positive family history of 70% and a rate of recurrence of 35%, so children with a positive family history should be followed up cautiously to avoid stone recurrence.