Epidemiological Studies on Alcohol Use, Mental Health and Youth Productivity in Plateau State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Alcohol consumption among youths is a growing public health concern in Nigeria, impacting mental health and productivity. This study examined the prevalence and patterns of alcohol use, its association with psychological well-being, and impacts on youth productivity in Plateau State.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed. Data were collected from 740 youths aged 15–35 years using the structured Survey on Alcohol Consumption, Mental Health, and Youth Performance (SAMHYP) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics summarized prevalence and patterns, while chi-square tests assessed associations between alcohol use, mental health indicators, and productivity outcomes.Results: Alcohol use was reported by 93.8% of respondents, with 95.5% reporting consumption in the past 12 months. Daily consumption was highest among males (51.2%) and urban youths (52.5%). Age of initiation peaked between 19–22 years (36.0% males; 38.7% females). Alcohol use was significantly associated with reduced academic/work performance (82.1% males; 74.9% females, χ² = 7.25, p = 0.01), difficulty concentrating (75.1% males; 67.9% females, χ² = 6.80, p = 0.01), low motivation (72.8% males; 66.2% females, χ² = 5.50, p = 0.02), and absenteeism. Mental health challenges were prevalent: 76.2% of males and 69.0% of females reported drinking to cope with stress (χ² = 8.15, p = 0.004), while mood swings, sleep disturbances, and worsening anxiety/depression were reported by over 70% of participants.Conclusion: Alcohol use is widespread among youths in Plateau State and is associated with measurable reductions in productivity and adverse mental health outcomes. Targeted interventions—including public education, accessible counselling services, and stricter regulation of alcohol—are urgently needed.