Epidemio-clinical profile of patients who underwent myomectomy in two first-level hospitals in the city of Douala, Cameroon

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological-clinical profile of patients who underwent myomectomy by laparotomy in two first-level hospitals in the city of Douala, Cameroon. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study including the records of patients who underwent myomectomy by laparotomy from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2020 at the General Hospital and the Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatric Hospital of Douala. Epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical data were collected. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel 2016 software. Results: A total of 204 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 37.02±4.9 years. The nulliparous and the infertile respectively represented 68.1 and 66.7% of the participants. Abnormal bleeding (68.2%) was the most common reason for consultation. Anemia affected 72.1% of patients. Overweight and obesity were found respectively in 34.8 and 31.9% of patients. More than 7 out of 10 patients had a uterus larger than 16 weeks of amenorrhea. 4.40 cm. Interstitial and submucosal myomas involved respectively 82 and 53% of patients. Endometrial polyps were associated in 28.6% of explored cases. Conclusion: Myomectomy is performed in relatively elderly patients, consulting for abnormal bleeding, and associating infertility, overweight, and anemia. They present a large uterus, comprising voluminous myomas, mainly interstitial, but also submucosal, which can coexist with polyps, hence the interest of hysterosonography.