Epidemio-clinical profile and management of traumatic injuries at the university clinics of Kinshasa, DR Congo

Abstract

Background Trauma represents a major public health issue, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality in urban areas. This study aims to characterize traumatic injuries during peacetime in the City Province of Kinshasa (VPK), with an emphasis on epidemiological, clinical, prehospital and hospital aspects. Methods This prospective cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted at the University Clinics of Kinshasa (CUK) from September 2023 to October 2024, included 337 patients. Data, collected via KoboCollect, were analyzed with Excel and SPSS 29.0. Qualitative variables were presented as frequencies and quantitative data as medians and interquartile ranges. Results Among ten trauma patients, approximately seven were male, primarily young adults. Six out of ten were victims of road traffic accidents, while two were assaulted. Nearly nine out of ten were admitted to hospital within one hour of their injury. Approximately three out of ten patients had limb fractures. Finally, nearly five out of ten patients were treated without surgery. Conclusions This study highlights the magnitude of trauma treated at CUKs, mainly caused by road accidents and assaults. It reveals the shortcomings of the prehospital system, including the lack of resources and trained personnel. Strengthened efforts in prevention, equipment, and coordination are essential to improve care and reduce trauma-related morbidity.