Enhancement of the comprehensive performance of tetracycline adsorption by halloysite nanotubes: Kinetics, mechanism, and reusability study

Abstract

One of the most widely produced and used antibiotics worldwide is tetracycline (TC). If these substances enter home sewer systems, water pollution can occur. This study aims to evaluate a novel nano-adsorbent for the removal of tetracycline from aquatic environments. In this study, collective and laboratory-scale tests were performed. Research has been conducted on tetracycline removal factors, including temperature, contact time, pH, and initial antibiotic concentration. In addition, the adsorption kinetics of this adsorbent have been investigated. According to the results, it was shown that the best adsorption, or 90 mg g −1 , occurred at 55 °C and after 240 min of contact. In addition, the results of research on isotherms and adsorption kinetics show that the Redlich-Peterson model and pseudo-second order kinetics are followed in this process. The efficiency of the removal process of the adsorbent remained almost constant throughout the three adsorption and desorption cycles. This adsorbent is the best option for removing tetracycline from water due to its exceptional adsorption capacity and ease of separation due to its unique properties. • Tetracycline antibiotic adsorption on halloysite nanotubes was examined. • Adsorption capacity is 90 mg g −1 . • Desorption of the antibiotic was examined at various pH. • Mechanism adsorption involves electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions.