article · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
Researchers have developed an eco-friendly biological method to synthesise zinc oxide and gold nanoparticles using cell filtrate from Fusarium chlamydosporum, an endophytic fungus isolated from the leaves of Eucalyptus sideroxylon. The resulting spherical nanoparticles had average sizes of 19.3 nanometres for zinc oxide and 22.1 nanometres for gold, with confirmation of their structure and optical properties provided by electron microscopy and spectroscopy. Laboratory biological assays demonstrated that increasing concentrations of both types of nanoparticles reduced the survival of human colon cancer cells and human intestinal cancer cells. Additionally, the green-synthesised nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity by inhibiting the growth of common bacterial pathogens, specifically Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The rise of drug-resistant bacterial strains and the ongoing burden of cancer demand alternative treatment options. Producing nanomaterials via biological systems offers a greener, potentially safer route compared to conventional chemical synthesis. Demonstrating that fungal-derived zinc oxide and gold nanoparticles can target both bacterial pathogens and gastrointestinal cancer cells provides a basis for creating dual-action medical treatments.
This work could interest pharmaceutical and biotechnology developers seeking eco-friendly methods for producing therapeutic nanomaterials. Potential applications include future formulation into antibacterial agents or treatments targeting colon and intestinal cancers. As the research is currently at an early-stage laboratory evaluation testing in vitro efficacy against cell lines and bacterial strains, substantial preclinical testing, safety profiling, and process scale-up will be required before any commercial adoption.
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Abstract Pathogenic microorganisms and cancer continue to be the most difficult problem in public health care and the incidence of diseases caused by such resistant strains and cancer cells are growing. Recent advances in nanotechnology open up new possibilities for creating novel, exciting nanoparticles that are safe for human cells and may be used as smart antibacterial and anticancer medicines. The novelty of the present study is the extracellular green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and gold (Au) NPs using the cell filtrate of the endophytic fungus Fusarium chlamydosporum MW341592.1 isolated from healthy leaves of Eucalyptus sideroxylon plant. Eco-friendly synthesized ZnO NPs and Au NPs were screening for their activity against select carcinomic cell lines and some multidrug-resistant bacteria. The synthesized ZnO NPs and Au NPs were characterized by UV-Vis. spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transition electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The UV-Vis. absorption spectra of the produced ZnO NPs showed bands in the UV area at 320 nm, whereas the Au NPs showed bands in the UV region at 530 nm. TEM revealed average sizes for ZnO NPs, and Au NPs as 19.3 nm and 22.1 nm, respectively, while shape revealed both ZnO NPs and Au NPs with spherical-like shape. Biological assay showed that raising in the synthesized NP concentration lowers the number of HCT-116 human colon cancer cells and CACO2 human intestinal cancer cells, as well as associated pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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DOI: 10.1007/s13399-023-04954-8
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