article · Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures
A theoretical investigation provides a nonlocal solution for wave propagation in a functionally graded piezoelectric nanorod. The formulation incorporates higher-order stress components and surface elasticity effects within a Love rod model to examine longitudinal wave propagation. In this electromechanical system, mechanical and electrical properties vary continuously across the thickness of the nanorod. The structure is excited using a two-dimensional electric potential along with an initial voltage applied to the top layer. Through Hamilton's principle, the governing differential equations of motion are formulated. The resulting analysis evaluates the influence of material property gradation and applied external voltage on the wave propagation characteristics of the system. Additionally, the analysis assesses how different spatial distributions of electric potential influence the phase velocity within the nanorod.
Understanding wave behaviour in nanoscale electromechanical systems helps researchers predict how smart materials respond to electrical and mechanical forces. By capturing surface effects, material grading, and higher-order stresses, this analytical framework clarifies how structural composition and applied voltages alter wave propagation speeds in very small components.
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The higher-order stress components and surface effect are considered in this article for presentation of a nonlocal solution for a functionally graded piezoelectric nanorod. Love rod model is used for longitudinal wave propagation. The mentioned analysis is used to evaluate the governing differential equations of the system and characteristics of wave propagation in assumed nanorod. The model is excited by a two-dimensional electric potential and an initial applied voltage at top layer of rod. The mechanical and electrical properties are assumed variable along the thickness direction of rod. Hamilton’s principle is used to arrive to governing differential equations of the electromechanical system. The effect of some important parameters such as applied voltage and gradation of material properties is studied on the wave characteristics of the rod. Furthermore, the effect of different distributions of electric potential on the phase velocity of the nanorod is evaluated.
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DOI: 10.1177/1045389x17689930
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