article · Biology
This study investigated the prevalence and genetic relationships of carbapenem and colistin resistance in ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBLK) in Egypt. Researchers collected samples from chickens, their environment, farm workers, and hospital patients. Out of 272 samples, 37 K. pneumoniae isolates were identified, with over half being hypervirulent and all showing multidrug resistance. Nearly 19% of isolates were colistin-resistant, all carrying the mcr-1 gene. Various β-lactamase genes were present in all isolates, frequently combined with carbapenemase genes or the mcr-1 gene. Genetic analysis revealed 24 distinct types, with six types showing identical isolates shared between chickens and humans, indicating a significant public health risk.
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, like those found in this study, make infections harder to treat, leading to longer illnesses and higher mortality rates. The discovery of resistant strains spreading from chickens to humans underscores the importance of responsible antibiotic use in agriculture to protect human health and prevent a wider public health crisis.
The abstract does not indicate a direct application pathway for a commercial product or service. It highlights a public health threat and suggests the need for more prudent use of antimicrobials in chicken farms. This research could inform policy development for antimicrobial stewardship programmes in agricultural settings.
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This study investigated the frequency of carbapenem and colistin resistance in ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (ESBLK) isolates recovered from chickens and their environment, contact farm workers and hospitalized patients in Egypt. Further, the phenotypic and genotypic relationships between the community and hospital-acquired <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates in the same geographical area were investigated. From 272 total samples, 37 (13.6%) <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates were identified, of which 20 (54.1%) were hypervirulent. All isolates (100%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR) with multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices ranging from 0.19 to 0.94. Colistin-resistant isolates (18.9%) displayed colistin MIC values >2 μg/mL, all harbored the <i>mcr</i>-1 gene. All isolates from patients (13/90, 14.4%), workers (5/22, 22.7%), chickens (9/100, 9%) and the environment (10/60, 16.7%) harbored a single or multiple β-lactamase genes, <i>bla</i><sub>SHV</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M1</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-1</sub>, often in combination with carbapenemase genes (<i>bla</i><sub>VIM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>NDM-1</sub> or <i>bla</i><sub>IMP</sub>; 45.9%), the <i>mcr</i>-1 gene (18.9%) or both (13.5%). Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR genotyping revealed 24 distinct ERIC types (ETs) with a discrimination index of 0.961. Six ETs showed clusters of identical isolates from chicken and human sources. The increased frequency and genetic relatedness of ESBLK and carbapenemase-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (CPK) from chickens and humans pose a public health threat that urge more prudent use of antimicrobials in chicken farms to avoid the propagation and expansion of both ESBLK and CPK from the chicken sources to humans.
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DOI: 10.3390/biology10050373
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