review · Engineering Science & Technology Journal
Electric vehicle charging infrastructure varies across Canada, the United States, and Africa in its technical, regulatory, and financial dimensions. Technical configurations span Level 1, Level 2, and direct current fast charging, where interoperability remains a primary concern. Infrastructure expansion relies on diverse financing models, including government grants, public-private partnerships, and international funding, which contribute to employment and broader economic growth. In addition, regional uptake of electric vehicles is shaped by distinct cultural and behavioural factors, highlighting the necessity of context-specific communication approaches. Looking ahead, emerging developments point toward ultra-fast charging, wireless power transfer, and integrated smart ecosystems. However, realising these advancements requires cross-sector collaboration to address technical standardisation hurdles and existing electric grid capacity limitations across different regions.
Transitioning to electric transport requires accessible, reliable charging networks that match local conditions. By comparing developed markets with African contexts, the analysis highlights how technical choices, public financing, and cultural attitudes interact. Understanding these dynamics helps regional energy planners and local authorities design scalable charging networks that match grid capabilities while meeting community travel needs.
The findings provide market intelligence for charging network operators, hardware manufacturers, and utility planners seeking to deploy systems across varied regions. While standard charging equipment is already commercially mature, next-generation concepts such as wireless and ultra-fast charging require further development. Practical commercialisation relies on establishing public-private funding models and resolving local grid integration and interoperability constraints.
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This research paper comprehensively analyzes electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in Canada, the USA, and Africa. Examining technological landscapes, regulatory frameworks, funding mechanisms, and socio-environmental impacts, the study reveals key trends and challenges. The technical overview encompasses Level 1, Level 2, and DC fast charging, focusing on interoperability and advancements. Government grants, public-private partnerships, and international funding drive infrastructure funding, fostering job creation and economic growth. The analysis reveals diverse cultural and behavioral factors influencing EV adoption, emphasizing the need for tailored communication strategies. The future envisions ultra-fast charging, wireless technologies, and smart ecosystems, demanding collaborative solutions to grid capacity and standardization challenges. This research contributes valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers, guiding the sustainable development of EV charging infrastructure globally. Keywords: Electric Vehicles, Charging Infrastructure, Sustainability, Socioeconomic Impact.
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DOI: 10.51594/estj.v5i1.747
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