article · Zagazig University Medical Journal
This study examined the damaging effects of paracetamol on the kidneys of adult male albino rats. Fourteen rats were split evenly into an untreated control group and a paracetamol-treated group. Laboratory evaluations focused on biochemical markers in the blood alongside microscopic examination of kidney tissue. The findings demonstrated clear kidney toxicity in the treated animals, evidenced by significant rises in serum urea and creatinine levels. Microscopic structural damage was concentrated in the renal tubular system. Proximal and distal convoluted tubules experienced pronounced degeneration, irregular shapes, tubular dilation, dense nuclear staining, loss of brush borders, cytoplasmic vacuolisation, and blockages caused by hyaline casts. The observed tissue and functional deterioration was linked to elevated oxidative damage and cellular apoptosis.
Paracetamol is one of the most widely consumed medications worldwide. Understanding the full extent of its potential toxic effects on internal organs, including the kidneys, is vital for guiding safe usage limits, recognising adverse reactions, and developing protective medical strategies against drug-induced organ damage.
This represents early-stage basic animal research detailing drug toxicity mechanisms. While the abstract does not indicate a direct commercial application pathway or product, the findings could serve preclinical toxicologists and pharmaceutical researchers investigating nephroprotective compounds or safer therapeutic formulations.
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Aims: To clarify the nephrotoxic effect of paracetamol in adult male albino rats.Methodology: In this study, fourteen adult male albino rats were divided equally into two groups; Control group and paracetamol-treated group. Kidney specimens were processed for biochemical and histological analysis.Results: Administration of paracetamol revealed a noticeable deterioration of both biochemical and histological changes detected in the paracetamol-treated group. The biological changes were in the form of a significant increase in serum urea and creatinine levels. The histological changes markedly affected the tubular system; the proximal and distal convoluted tubules showed marked degeneration, dense nuclear staining, cytoplasmic vacuolization and partial loss of the brush borders. Most tubules were dilated, irregular and were filled with hyaline casts.Conclusion: Paracetamol made biochemical and histopathological changes in the rat's kidneys. These findings revealed that this nephrotoxicity was associated with an increase in oxidative damage and apoptosis. Keywords: Paracetamol, Nephrotoxicity, Albino Rats
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DOI: 10.21608/zumj.2019.11494.1194
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