Effect of Dietary Intervention on Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors among Adults

Abstract

Open Access *Corresponding author: Akram Hamdan Salem, Clinical Nutrition Dept., National Nutrition Institute. E-mail Akramsalem1987@gmail.com. Mobile: +0201205050243Received: 18 May 2024Accepted:25 May 2024 Published online: 15 June 2024 Citation Haggag MH; Hammad EM; Sultan AE; El-Wahab HA and Salem AH (2024): Effect of Dietary Intervention on Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors among Adults. BNNI (63) 77-94. doi 10.21608/BNNI.2024.359009 Syndrome X is distinguished by the co-occurrence of determinants that are unquestionably linked to an increase in the chance of experiencing chronic illnesses like adult-onset diabetes and coronary artery disease. Addressing modifiable lifestyle factors, including dietary habits, is essential in preventing and managing metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study investigated the evaluating the effectiveness of dietary interventions on MetS risk factors among a sample of adults. The research involved a six-month dietary intervention program conducted on fifty adults aged from 20 to 60 years targeting high-risk individuals with MetS. An individualized balanced diet was tailored, and anthropometric assessments, biochemical analyses, and routine medical examinations were conducted. Most of the studied sample were Class 3 (high-risk) obesity with mean Body Mass Index (BMI) (40.1 ± 6.7), an increase in Total cholesterol (TC), fasting blood sugar (FBG), triglycerides (TG), and Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and decrease in High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) levels. The intervention program resulted in considerable alterations in MetS and its criteria among participants. There was a notable reduction in factors such as FBG, TC, LDL-c, and TG, accompanied by elevated HDL-c levels. In conclusion, dietary intervention can improve MetS and associated risk factors in adults.