article · Toxin Reviews
This research examined the impact of lead acetate exposure and dietary supplementation with Dunaliella algae on Nile tilapia over a 60-day trial. One hundred and eighty fish were split into six groups to test two levels of lead concentration in water alongside an algal feed supplement. Exposure to lead significantly impaired fish growth performance, reduced body crude protein, and lowered serum antioxidant enzyme activities. It also suppressed the gene expression of liver antioxidant enzymes, increased lead accumulation in tissues, and caused noticeable degeneration and necrosis in liver cells. The addition of Dunaliella algae to the feed, administered at eleven grams per kilogram of diet, counteracted these harmful effects by improving antioxidant status, physiological measurements, and overall growth in the presence or absence of lead toxicity.
Heavy metal pollution poses serious threats to freshwater fish health and the safety of aquaculture produce. Lead contamination can damage vital organs and stunt fish development. Identifying feed ingredients like Dunaliella algae that can naturally mitigate the physiological damage caused by environmental toxins offers valuable insights for maintaining fish welfare and product quality in affected farming environments.
The findings suggest that Dunaliella algae could serve as a functional feed additive to protect farmed fish against heavy metal toxicity and support growth. Potential users include aquafeed manufacturers and fish farmers operating in areas vulnerable to waterborne lead pollution. Because the work is early-stage biological testing conducted under controlled conditions, further formulation trials and field evaluations are necessary before commercial integration into standard aquaculture diets.
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The present study was intended for investigating the effect of lead acetate toxicity (5 or 10 mg lead acetate/liter water), Dunaliella algae (11 g/kg diet)-supplemented diet and their interaction in Nile tilapia (60 days). 180 fish were divided into six groups according to lead concentration and Dunaliella supplementation. Results revealed that lead significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced growth performance parameters and decreased serum antioxidant enzyme activities, fish body crude protein, and liver antioxidant enzymes gene expression. Moreover, the lead residue was significantly increased with marked degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes. But dietary supplementation of Dunaliella algae with/without lead improved measurements.
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DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2019.1652652
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