Diet and lifestyle related knowledge among sample of autoimmune arthritis Egyptian patients

Abstract

Abstract Background An unhealthy diet, characterized by elevated consumption of fats and sugars, has detrimental effects on the incidence, progression, and treatment outcomes of arthritis. However, adherence to healthy dietary regimens among these patients remains low. This study aims to assess the knowledge of healthy diet and lifestyle among a cohort of autoimmune arthritis Egyptian patients. Methods We conducted this cross-sectional study on 502 patients diagnosed with autoimmune arthritis, using 302 online and 200 printed questionnaire forms. The questionnaire comprised sections on socioeconomic status (five questions), information on autoimmune diseases (three questions), nutrition (15 questions), and lifestyle habits (four questions). Results A total of 502 respondents were enrolled, with 64.5% having rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Only 26.9% of patients were aware of the lifestyle and dietary impact on their disease symptoms. Most patients (89.6%) had good knowledge about the importance of eating fresh fruits and vegetables, and 63.3% knew that consuming fish is beneficial. However, 55.7% were aware of the benefits of physical activity. The total knowledge score was 57.8%. Responses were classified as poor in 217 patients, primarily those unemployed and living in rural areas; moderate in 150 patients; and good in only 135 patients. Additionally, younger individuals demonstrated better knowledge scores. Conclusions Egyptian patients with autoimmune arthritis exhibited fair to moderate knowledge regarding the impact of anti-inflammatory diets and exercise on the symptoms of autoimmune arthritis and the influence of nutrients on immunity and inflammation. It is essential to prioritize the therapeutic role of nutrition in proactive medical management, signifying the fundamental shift in healthcare management.