Determination of Pathogenic E. coli and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in dogs and human Semen: Evidence of Multidrug-Resistance and Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Profiles

Abstract

E. coli causes urethritis, epididymitis, epididymal-orchitis, and prostatitis in men. It also increases semen leukocytes (pus). This can impact the individual's reproductive capacity. This study was established for achieving the following aim determination of resistant genes encoded on DNA of the pathogenic E. coli, by the isolation and identification of pathogenic E. coli using standard traditional methods and the Congo red test, followed by PCR targeting the phoA gene. Which amplified at 720bp, that confirmed isolated pathogenic E. coli strains.A total of 112 samples of semen were collected and laboratory examined micro biologically. The results showed that 3% of them were from dogs' seminal fluid, and 16.7% were from men's.Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was carried out using 7 antibiotic groups, including: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (sulphonamides), erythromycin (macrolides), clindamycin (lincosamides), tetracycline (tetracyclines), vancomycin (glycopeptides), linezolid (oxazolidinones), and norfloxacin (fluoroquinolones).The results of this work showed that the five pathogenic E. coli strains isolated were resistant to four groups of antibiotics, exhibiting complete resistance (100%) to erythromycin (macrolides), clindamycin (lincosamides), vancomycin (glycopeptides), and linezolid (oxazolidinones). Because the isolated pathogenic E. coli strains were resistant to more than two antibiotic groups, they were recorded as multidrug-resistant strains. The PCR technique applied for the detection of resistance genes revealed that three of the four tested resistance genes: tetracycline (tetA) positive (100%), trimethoprim (dfrA) positive (75%) and the erythromycin (ermB) gene was positive (100%) in human samples. It was concluded that, the determination of the main resistance genes of the isolated pathogenic E. coli was achieved.