article · International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies
Rapid expansion of solar photovoltaic infrastructure requires robust measures to preserve system reliability, operational safety, and overall efficiency. When faults in solar installations remain undetected, they directly diminish real-time energy generation and shorten the operational lifespan of the equipment. Categorising these issues into physical, environmental, and electrical faults provides a structured basis for pinpointing anomalies across large installations. Identifying and locating specific failure modes allows operators to apply appropriate diagnostic methods tailored to the issue. A broad assessment of reported fault diagnosis techniques categorises existing approaches by their performance metrics. This systematic understanding assists technical teams and researchers in evaluating which diagnostic tools best match the operational conditions of a given solar installation, ensuring rapid rectification and sustained power output.
Solar farms must operate efficiently over decades to deliver clean, affordable power. Undetected hardware failures or environmental damage can quietly drain energy output and cause costly long-term damage. Establishing clear diagnostic frameworks ensures that maintenance crews can quickly spot, trace, and repair faults, protecting both energy security and capital investments in renewable infrastructure.
The review informs solar asset managers, operations teams, and monitoring software developers seeking appropriate fault detection algorithms. Because the work synthesises existing literature rather than testing a novel tool, it represents an early-stage conceptual resource that industry can use to benchmark and select diagnosis methods for commercial monitoring platforms.
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Abstract Over the past decade, the significance of solar photovoltaic (PV) system has played a major role due to the rapid growth in the solar PV industry. Reliability, efficiency and safety of solar PV systems can be enhanced by continuous monitoring of the system and detecting the faults if any as early as possible. Reduced real time power generation and reduced life span of the solar PV system are the results if the fault in solar PV system is found undetected. Therefore, it is mandatory to identify and locate the type of fault occurring in a solar PV system. The faults occurring in the solar PV system are classified as follows: physical, environmental, and electrical faults that are further classified into different types as described in this paper. Once a fault is located and detected, an appropriate diagnosis method needs to be used to rectify it. In this paper, a comprehensive review of diverse fault diagnosis techniques reported in various literature is listed and described. This paper helps the researchers to get an awareness of the various faults occurring in a solar PV system and enables them to choose a suitable diagnosis technique based on its performance metrics to rectify the fault occurring in solar PV systems.
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DOI: 10.1093/ijlct/ctad018
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