Design of Directive Wideband Microstrip Antenna

Abstract

The study under consideration demonstrates design, simulation, and optimization of a compact Ultra-Wideband (UWB) antenna employing a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding structure and a circular patch geometry. The design is targeting a 7 GHz operating frequency, offering a balance between compact size, wide bandwidth, and directional radiation characteristics. An initial antenna configuration was developed and analyzed using HFSS, showing satisfactory performance in terms of impedance matching and radiation efficiency. However, asymmetries in the radiation pattern prompted further enhancement. An improved design employees strategically director elements placed above the circular patch to improve forward gain and radiation beam directivity. The optimized design achieved improved directivity, a wide bandwidth of 3.7 GHz, radiation efficiency of 83.8 % while maintaining low return loss and stable impedance characteristics. The use of CPW feeding contributed to enhanced fabrication simplicity and better integration with planar circuits. This work demonstrates a viable solution for applications requiring compact, high-performance directional antennas in UWB systems