review · Alzheimer s & Dementia
Interleukin (IL)-6 was identified as a key pro-inflammatory marker, consistently linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, and dementia, underscoring its significant role in neurodegenerative disease progression. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were associated with improved cognitive performance, particularly in African American participants. Observational studies identified sex-based differences in IL-10 levels, particularly among older African American women. The review highlights notable ethnic differences in cytokines like IL-8, IL-1β, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors, emphasizing their roles in neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in people of African descent. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 variants, immunoglobulin GM allotypes, and Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIb rs1050501 genotypes were found to influence AD-related inflammation and progression in African ancestry populations.
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DOI: 10.1002/alz.70514
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