article · Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects
This analytical review focuses on the removal of heavy metals from aquatic environments using agricultural solid waste-based bionanocomposites (ASWBNCs). Heavy metals are a significant concern due to their widespread presence and toxicity. The review systematically explores various aspects of ASWBNCs, including their synthesis methodologies, which utilise agricultural residues, and their conversion into effective adsorbents. It discusses the structural characteristics, such as morphology and composition, that influence adsorption performance. Furthermore, the mechanisms governing heavy metal adsorption onto ASWBNCs are elucidated, and the impact of parameters like pH, temperature, and initial metal concentration on adsorption efficiency is evaluated. The aim is to contribute to the preparation of engineerable ASWBNCs for water remediation.
Heavy metals in water pose serious health risks to both humans and animals. This research is important because it explores sustainable and cost-effective methods, using agricultural waste, to remove these harmful pollutants. By understanding and optimising these materials, it can lead to better strategies for cleaning contaminated water and protecting public health and ecosystems.
This review provides foundational knowledge for developing engineerable bionanocomposites from agricultural waste for heavy metal removal from water. It offers a roadmap for researchers and organisations involved in water remediation, potentially leading to the creation of new, cost-effective adsorbent materials. This is early-stage research focused on material understanding and development, rather than a near-market product.
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Heavy metals (HMs) have attracted considerable attention lately because of their widespread occurrence in aquatic environments and potential biological toxicity to animals and humans. The development of economical, efficient, and engineerable adsorbents such as agricultural solid waste-based bionanocomposites (ASWBNCs) for removing HMs from water by adsorption has become a research focus. The review systematically explores the synthesis methodologies of these nanocomposites, emphasizing the utilization of agricultural residues and their conversion into efficient adsorbents. The structural characteristics, including morphology and composition, are discussed, shedding light on the factors influencing the adsorption performance. The mechanisms governing the adsorption of HMs onto ASWBNCs are elucidated, providing insights into the fundamental processes at play. Furthermore, the review evaluates the impact of various parameters, such as pH, temperature, and initial metal concentration, on adsorption efficiency. This review would contribute to preparing engineerable ASWBNCs for HMs removal and provide a roadmap for researchers and others involved with remediating HMs-affected water.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101220
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