Comparative Simulation of Conventional and Intelligent MPPT Algorithms for Solar PV Systems: Voltage and Current Stability Analysis

Abstract

This paper presents a MATLAB/Simulink-based modeling and simulation of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system with the objective of analyzing output electrical behavior under dynamic environmental conditions. The study implements two conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms-Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (INC)-alongside two intelligent techniques-Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO). The performance of each algorithm is evaluated primarily in terms of the PV system's output voltage and current responses under varying levels of solar irradiance and temperature. The results highlight the effectiveness of intelligent algorithms in maintaining more stable voltage and current profiles compared to conventional methods. This work offers insights into the electrical behavior of PV systems controlled by diverse MPPT techniques under realistic operating conditions.