Comparative assessment of chlorophyll content, yield parameters and nutrients of three varieties of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

Abstract

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.), is a vital crop in sub-Saharan Africa, that contributes significantly to nutrition, food security, and income generation. The varieties abound vary in the bioproductivity and nutritional status, hence the need to evaluate the agronomic performance and nutritional value of the three newly improved cowpea varieties (Sampea 11, Sampea 12, and Sampea 15) that are cultivated in the Northern Savanna zone of Nigeria. In this study, growth parameters chlorophyll content, and yield components were assessed. Additionally, proximate and mineral analyses which provided insights into the nutritional profiles of these varieties were also investigated. Results identified Sampea 15 as the superior variety, in terms of chlorophyll content, seed weight, protein, fat, energy value, sodium, phosphorus, zinc and manganese. These findings underline the potential of Sampea 15 to enhance food security and nutritional outcomes in West Africa, where malnutrition remains a significant challenge. Considering the superiority of Sampea 15 over all other varieties, there is a need for an agricultural extension officer to make this variety known to the farmers for cultivation in the Southern Guinea savanna ecological zone where the study was carried out.