Comparative antibacterial studies of Ficus sycomorus, Khaya senegalinesis and Azadirachta indica leaves extract

Abstract

Since the introduction of penicillin in the 1940s, antibiotics have become one of the cornerstones of modern medicine. Infectious diseases caused by bacterial pathogens represent a greater percentage of public health concern. In clinical medicine, antibacterial agents are often indicated for chemotherapy of infectious diseases that are bacterial in origin. A variety of bacterial species of human and animal origin have developed numerous mechanisms that render bacteria resistant to some, and in certain cases to nearly all antibiotics. Thus, it is important to study the phytochemical and biological mechanisms which made the bacterial pathogens to survive in the presence of these inhibitory agents. The need for new antimicrobials has been increased dramatically. Plants are considered as a major source of new antibiotics due to the presence of phytochemicals. The goal of our research is to evaluate antibacterial efficiency of FKA plant leaf extracts. The leaves of FKA were screened for antibacterial activity and minimum inhibition concentration (MIC). The methanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate extracts of these plants were subjected to antibacterial analysis as well as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis, using agar well diffusion methods. The crude extracts showed various zones of inhibition against the following microorganisms namely; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Baccilus subtilis, with different concentration of 25mg/mL, 30mg/ml, 35mg/mL and 40mg/mL respectively, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) was taken for the tube that shows no turbidity.