Combating Aminoglycoside Resistance: From Structural and FunctionalCharacterisation to Therapeutic Challenges with RKAAT

Abstract

A comprehensive knowledge of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) and their role in bacterial resistance mechanisms is urgently required due to the rising incidence of antibiotic resistance, particularly in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> infections. This study explores the essential features of AMEs, including their structural and functional properties, the processes by which they contribute to antibiotic resistance, and the therapeutic importance of aminoglycosides. The study primarily examines the Recombinant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Aminoglycoside Adenylyl Transferase (RKAAT), particularly emphasizing its biophysical characteristics and the sorts of resistance it imparts. Furthermore, this study examines the challenges presented by RKAAT-mediated resistance, an evaluation of treatment methods and constraints, and options for controlling infection. The analysis provides a prospective outlook on strategies to address and reduce antibiotic resistance. This extensive investigation seeks to provide vital insights into the continuing fight against bacterial resistance, directing future research efforts and medicinal approaches.