Clustering Mini-Grids to Enhance Power Systems Reliability in Distributed Generation

Abstract

This study investigates the effectiveness of clustering mini-grids as a method to improve the reliability and operational stability of distributed generation systems in remote areas, particularly where renewable energy sources are predominant. As renewable resources like solar and wind are increasingly integrated into mini-grids, these systems face various challenges, particularly in maintaining stable voltage and frequency across interconnected networks. Such issues are compounded by the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources and the lack of extensive communication infrastructure in rural or resource-constrained settings. To address these control challenges, this study applies droop control techniques to two mini-grids in Uganda, utilizing modeling and simulation through Matlab/Simulink to evaluate the method’s impact on system stability. Results demonstrate that, droop control strategy is effective in stabilizing frequency and enabling balanced distribution of active and reactive power across interconnected mini-grids, reducing the dependence on complex communication systems. The findings underscore the potential of droop control to enhance the resilience and adaptability of mini-grid clusters, making it a valuable solution for rural electrification in regions like sub-Saharan Africa, where the demand for sustainable and reliable energy solutions is rapidly growing (Chin & Hug, 2022; Joshal & Gupta, 2023; Tanomrug, 2022).