Clinicopathologic Profile and Pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pattern of Prostate Cancer in Southeast Nigeria

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in men. It is the commonest cancer in Nigerian men. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is essential in the evaluation of patients with PCa. AIM: To evaluate the clinicopathologic profile and pelvic MRI pattern of prostate cancer patients. METHODS: This was a retrospective study performed between July 2020 and June 2024. The study population was derived from men with histologically diagnosed PCa who subsequently had mpMRI for cancer staging. From the medical records, age, prebiopsy PSA, Gleason score (GS) and other relevant information were obtained. RESULTS: The records of 458 subjects were retrieved. A total number of 229 subjects had their prebiopsy PSA recorded while 158 subjects had their GS recorded. The mean age of the subjects was 66.38 ± 8.46 years, while the mean and median prebiopsy PSA were 49.37 ± 59.81 ng/ml and 33ng/ml, respectively. The mean GS of the subjects was 7.72 ± 1.29. The prostate capsule was the most commonly invaded structure (65.4%). The prevalence of bone metastasis was 22.8%, and the spine was the most commonly affected bone. Stage 3 and stage 4 disease were the most predominantly observed (58.4% and 32%, respectively). There was a statistically significant but weak correlation between tumor stage and GS. CONCLUSION: The subjects' clinicopathologic profile and pelvic MRI findings show that patients commonly present with advanced prostate cancer in our environment.