article · PLoS ONE
Chest computed tomography (CT) scans and clinical laboratory data were evaluated in 252 Egyptian COVID-19 patients at Fayoum University Hospital to assess correlations with disease severity. Patients were classified into mild and severe groups. Severe cases exhibited significantly elevated heart rates and higher levels of inflammatory markers, liver enzymes, urea, creatinine, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and neutrophil percentages compared to mild cases. Patients with severe illness also presented with lower oxygen saturation, lymphopenia, and reduced levels of albumin and calcium. Multiple clinical markers, including low oxygen saturation and elevated ferritin, urea, lactate dehydrogenase, and C-reactive protein, correlated strongly with a 25-point CT severity score. These findings indicate that chest CT scoring correlates closely with clinical laboratory testing and can assist in predicting disease outcomes.
Accurately identifying individuals at risk of severe disease is critical for managing hospital resources during viral respiratory outbreaks. Linking standard laboratory blood measurements with structured chest CT scoring gives healthcare teams an objective way to evaluate illness severity. This correlation can assist clinicians in assessing patient prognosis and making prompt decisions regarding clinical monitoring and intervention.
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BACKGROUND: In pandemic COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), the prognosis of patients has been determined using clinical data and CT (computed tomography) scans, but it is still unclear whether chest CT characteristics are correlated to COVID-19 severity. AIM: To explore the potential association between clinical data and 25-point CT score and investigate their predictive significance in COVID-19-positive patients at Fayoum University Hospital in Egypt. METHODS: This study was conducted on 252 Egyptian COVID-19 patients at Fayoum University Hospital in Egypt. The patients were classified into two groups: a mild group (174 patients) and a severe group (78 patients). The results of clinical laboratory data, and CT scans of severe and mild patients, were collected, analyzed, and compared. RESULTS: The severe group show high significance levels of CRP, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, urea, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neutrophil percent, and heart rate (HR) than the mild group. Lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hypocalcemia, and decreased oxygen saturation (SpO2) were the most observed abnormalities in severe COVID-19 patients. Lymphopenia, low SpO2 and albumin levels, elevated serum LDH, ferritin, urea, and CRP levels were found to be significantly correlated with severity CT score (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The clinical severity of COVID-19 and the CT score are highly correlated. Our findings indicate that the CT scoring system can help to predict COVID-19 disease outcomes and has a strong correlation with clinical laboratory testing.
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271271
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