Chronic Consumption of Oxidized Palm Oil Diets Increase Renal NA+/K+ATPASE and K+/H+ATPASE Activities, Reduce SGLUT2 and Increase Aldosterone Levels in Wistar Rats

Abstract

This study aimed at finding out whether chronic consumption of oxidized palm oil affects the expression and/or activity of the renal transport proteins involved in the transportation of the electrolytes and glucose. 20 male Wistar rats weighing 120-140gms at the beginning of the experiment were randomly divided into four groups namely: control group, fresh palm oil diet-fed group (FPO); photoxidized palm oil diet-fed group (PPO), and Thermoxidized palm oil diet-fed group (TPO). The control group received normal rat chow while the oil-fed groups received 15% of the respective palm oil diet regimen in addition to tap water for 90 days. After 90 days, the animals were sacrificed, and blood samples collected while the kidneys were excised for biochemical analyses. Results showed that aldosterone levels in the PPO and TPO were significantly (P<0.01 and P<0.001 respectively) higher than that of control with the levels in the TPO being significantly (P<0.001) higher than PPO. Na+/K+ATPase and H+/K+ATPase activities were significantly (P<0.01; P<0.001, P<0.001) higher in FPO, PPO and TPO compared with control; with the Na+/K+ATPase activities in TPO being significantly (P<0.001 and P<0.05) than FPO and PPO respectively; while K+/H+ATPase activities in TPO were significantly (P< 0.001; P<0.001) higher than FPO and PPO respectively. SGLUT2 concentration in PPO was significantly(P<0.001) lower than control and FPO; and significantly (P<0.001) lower in TPO when compared with control and PPO and FPO. Therefore, chronic consumption of photo-and thermoxidized palm oil diets increases Na+/K+ATPase, and H+/K+ATPase activities, aldosterone levels but lowers SGLUT2 levels in Wistar rats.