Challenges Facing Female In-Service Students in Pursuing Higher Education in Tanzania: A Literature Review

Abstract

This study reviews literature on the barriers and challenges faced by female adult students in Tanzanian colleges and universities. By employing a systematic literature review methodology, the study collected and analyzed multiple research studies to comprehensively address the specific research question. The primary objective was to raise awareness of these challenges and to call for collaborative efforts from families, spouses, peers, institutions, and communities to address them. Despite significant strides toward gender equality in education, female in-service students in Tanzanian higher education institutions continue to face numerous obstacles. The findings reveal that these students struggle to balance household duties with academic commitments, leading to heightened stress and compromised well-being. Financial constraints further exacerbate their challenges, hindering their ability to cover tuition fees and other educational expenses due to a lack of support from spouses and institutions. The study concludes that systemic changes within educational institutions are necessary to recognize and accommodate the unique needs of female in-service students. By fostering a supportive environment and providing necessary resources, educational institutions can empower female students to pursue their educational goals without sacrificing their roles as caregivers and homemakers. Collaborative efforts from families, spouses, peers, institutions, and communities are essential in achieving this aim and promoting gender equality in higher education