article · Frontiers in Aquaculture
Broodstock nutrition is critical for sustainable fish farming, directly influencing reproductive performance and the commercial profitability of aquaculture operations. Research on Nile tilapia demonstrates that providing a balanced diet rich in essential macronutrients, such as proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, alongside micronutrients like vitamins and minerals, significantly influences breeding outcomes. Functional additives, including probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, and hormones, also play important roles. Evidence specifically highlights how dietary protein and lipid levels regulate vitellogenesis, ovarian maturation, fecundity, egg hatching rates, and the subsequent survival and quality of fry and larvae. In addition, the design and timing of feeding regimes directly affect reproductive efficiency. Understanding these nutritional relationships enables more effective feed formulation to support tilapia breeding and hatchery output.
Nile tilapia is a cornerstone of commercial aquaculture. Improving hatchery productivity depends on optimising what parent fish eat. Ensuring parent fish receive precise balances of nutrients and functional additives helps hatcheries produce healthier larvae and higher numbers of viable fry, strengthening overall food production efficiency and farm profitability.
This work informs commercial feed manufacturers and tilapia hatchery operators seeking to formulate specialised broodstock feeds. Because it synthesises existing literature on nutritional requirements and functional additives, the findings can be applied directly to refine commercial diet formulations and feeding regimes, representing an applied stage of knowledge ready for operational testing in commercial hatcheries.
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Broodstock nutrition is the most essential constituent of sustainable aquaculture production. Its impact on the reproductive performance and profitability of commercial aquaculture has been the subject of considerable research. The present paper reviews the literature available on the subject, examining the implication of Nile tilapia broodstock nutrition on parameters including maturation, fecundity, fertilization, embryo development, larval quality, and survival rate. The provision of a nutritive diet composed of essential macro- and micronutrients including proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and functional additives, such as prebiotics, enzymes, hormones, and probiotics, in different proportions is discussed. Special emphasis is given to literature dealing with the effects of dietary protein and lipid on vitellogenesis and ovarian maturation, fecundity, egg hatching rate, larval quality, and fry survival number. The impact of the feeding regime on reproductive performance is described.
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DOI: 10.3389/faquc.2024.1281640
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