Brachial Artery Aneurysm After Fistula Ligation in a Hemodialysis Patient: A Case Report

Abstract

Brachial artery aneurysm following arteriovenous fistula (AVF) ligation is an uncommon complication in hemodialysis patients. We report the case of a 53-year-old female patient with a history of humerocephalic AVF ligation who presented with a pulsatile mass in the left elbow crease, absent distal pulses, but no ischemic signs. Surgical resection of the aneurysm and end-to-end brachial artery anastomosis were successfully performed, with good postoperative recovery. This case highlights the importance of clinical vigilance and timely surgical management in patients with prior vascular access surgery. Given the rarity of this condition and the potential for serious complications, clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion and intervene promptly.