Bond Graph Analysis and Regulation of Battery Cycles: Real Time Current and Voltage

Abstract

This article describes the analysis and regulation of battery cycles, focusing on the real-time management of current and voltage using PWM charge controllers. We employ the bond graph approach to model the dynamic interactions within battery systems. A detailed model of a lead-acid battery powered by a Photovoltaic source has been developed, capturing its main electrical characteristics. The PWM charge controller dynamically adjusts the current and voltage in real-time to ensure optimal efficiency and extend battery life. Our results show that the bond graph model combined with real-time control significantly improves battery cycle regulation. The method was validated through simulations and real-time experiments, confirming its effectiveness for battery management systems.