article · Engineering Science & Technology Journal
Blockchain technology offers transformative opportunities to modernise supply chain management by improving transparency, operational efficiency, and security compared to traditional systems. A systematic synthesis of existing research shows that integrating blockchain provides strategic advantages, including cost reduction, operational effectiveness, and support for environmental sustainability. However, widespread adoption faces notable hurdles, including technological barriers, regulatory uncertainties, and the necessity of coordinated stakeholder collaboration. Current patterns of implementation reveal marked variations across industries and geographic regions. To overcome existing constraints and achieve competitive advantage, successful integration requires a multi-faceted approach encompassing collaborative industry initiatives, educational advancements, robust infrastructural support, and clear policy development.
Global supply chains require greater accountability, efficiency, and resilience to meet modern economic and environmental demands. Understanding the real-world performance, obstacles, and requirements of blockchain technology helps businesses and policymakers transition away from outdated, vulnerable systems. Addressing regulatory uncertainty and technical barriers can accelerate the adoption of secure, sustainable supply network practices across industries.
The review highlights applications in supply chain cost reduction, operational tracking, and sustainable sourcing for industrial enterprises and logistics operators. Because the findings derive from a systematic review of existing research, the insights operate at an analytical level rather than offering a direct, tested product. Real-world adoption remains uneven and contingent on overcoming regulatory, technical, and infrastructural barriers, placing broad commercialisation at an intermediate stage across different sectors.
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This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the implementation, challenges, and future prospects of blockchain technology in supply chain management (SCM). Amidst the evolving landscape of global supply chains, the integration of blockchain technology has emerged as a pivotal innovation, offering transformative potential in enhancing transparency, efficiency, and security. The advent of blockchain technology has revolutionized traditional supply chain systems, introducing new paradigms of operation and management. This study explores the historical evolution of SCM systems and the comparative effectiveness of blockchain-based models against traditional systems. The primary aim is to systematically review and synthesize current research on blockchain in SCM, focusing on its implementation, inherent challenges, and future development prospects. The paper delves into various aspects of blockchain in SCM, including its current state of implementation across industries, the challenges and solutions in adoption, comparative performance analysis with non-blockchain systems, emerging trends, stakeholder perspectives, and geographical variations in adoption. Strategic implications for businesses, pathways for effective implementation, and policy recommendations are also thoroughly examined.The study identifies blockchain's significant impact on enhancing supply chain transparency and efficiency. Key challenges include technological barriers, regulatory uncertainties, and the need for stakeholder collaboration. The research highlights the strategic advantage of blockchain in supply chains, particularly in terms of cost reduction, operational effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. The study concludes with a call for a multi-faceted approach to blockchain integration in SCM, emphasizing collaborative efforts, educational advancements, infrastructural support, and policy development. Recommendations are geared towards leveraging blockchain's potential for competitive advantage and sustainable supply chain practices. Keywords: Blockchain, Supply Chain Management, Technology Adoption, Strategic Implications, Innovation, Sustainability.
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DOI: 10.51594/estj.v5i1.732
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