article · Scholars International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Uterine arteriovenous malformation is an uncommon vascular abnormality characterised by abnormal connections between arteries and veins within the uterus. Although rare, with fewer than one hundred cases documented in literature, it represents a potentially fatal source of severe vaginal bleeding following childbirth, uterine curettage, or abortions. The recorded incidence of this condition appears to be rising because of the wider availability and use of ultrasound scans and colour Doppler imaging for detection. A specific clinical case illustrates the presentation in a thirty-nine-year-old woman with a history of three previous caesarean sections. She sought medical attention after experiencing four days of vaginal bleeding, fatigue, palpitations, and lightheadedness following a surgical evacuation for a missed abortion at nine weeks of pregnancy.
Severe bleeding following gynaecological procedures can become rapidly life-threatening. Understanding rare underlying causes such as uterine arteriovenous malformation helps clinical teams recognise non-standard sources of haemorrhage. Improved awareness, alongside modern ultrasound imaging, enables healthcare practitioners to identify vascular abnormalities promptly in patients presenting with complications after uterine interventions.
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Uterine arteriovenous malformation (UVM) is a very rare abnormality resulting from anomalous arterio-venous connections in the uterus. Although rare, it causes potential life-threatening vaginal bleeding postpartum or following uterine curettage or abortions. Only a few cases have been reported in literature (less than 100). However, the incidence is assumed to be increasing due to increased availability of ultrasound scan and colour doppler studies for better detection. We present a case of a 39-year-old Para 3 woman with three previous caesarean sections (CS) who presented to our facility with vaginal bleeding associated tiredness, heart racing, lightheadedness of four days duration following surgical evacuation for missed abortion at nine weeks gestation.
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DOI: 10.36348/sijog.2025.v08i05.001
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