review · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Reducing the environmental impact of industry has driven growing interest in recycling waste materials and creating bio-based alternatives to synthetic composites. Biopolymer composites reinforced with biological fillers offer an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional synthetic materials. This work examines the development and performance of biopolymer composites containing fillers derived from waste chicken feathers. It reviews existing findings on the mechanical, physical, dynamic mechanical, and morphological characteristics of these materials. In addition, the review explores the biodegradability and life cycle assessment of chicken feather filler biocomposites. It identifies future application opportunities, examines challenges linked to the material, and suggests hybridization strategies to adapt and tailor composite properties for prospective uses.
Industrial manufacturing generates considerable waste while relying heavily on environmentally damaging synthetic composites. Reusing agricultural by-products such as discarded chicken feathers to reinforce biodegradable polymers offers a sustainable route to new materials. Understanding how these composites perform and degrade helps researchers design greener alternatives to conventional plastics.
The work indicates potential application pathways for industries seeking eco-friendly alternatives to conventional synthetic composites by utilising poultry processing waste. However, as a review focusing on property characterisation, hybridization strategies, and future scope, the technology remains at an early research stage, with real-world commercial development and specific end-user products yet to be fully demonstrated.
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It has always been a concern for scientists and researchers to reduce the harmful industrial impact on the environment by recycling and reusing various waste materials or finding bio-based alternatives to conventional materials. Biopolymer composites, an alternative to synthetic composites, and the technological growth in this area have paved the path to making many environmentally friendly products. In the quest for sustainable products, researchers are focusing on developing different bio-based reinforcements for polymer composites. This study comprehensively reviews the works on the development and performances of various biopolymer composites reinforced with fillers derived from chicken feathers. Properties, such as mechanical, physical, dynamic mechanical properties, and morphological behavior of chicken feather fillers, are discussed based on the findings from previous articles. The biodegradability and life cycle assessment study are also discussed in the context of biopolymer/chicken feather filler composites. Finally, the future scope of the application of biopolymer/chicken feather filler composites and the plausible ways to tailor the various properties of biopolymer/chicken feather filler composites through hybridization are suggested. Unlike the existing works, this study is a novel attempt to systematically discuss the multiple aspects of biopolymer composites reinforced with fillers derived from waste chicken feathers, and it also suggests the futuristic ways to mitigate the problems associated with the material.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114394
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