article · Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies
Chrozophora senegalensis is a plant traditionally used to treat ailments. Plant samples were extracted with methanol and separated into fractions using solvents of different polarities. These fractions were tested for antibacterial performance against clinical isolates of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The ethyl acetate fraction displayed the strongest antibacterial activity, showing inhibition zones between 10.43 and 21.53 millimetres. Further evaluation of this fraction revealed antioxidant capabilities, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations ranging from 6.30 to 7.46 milligrams per millilitre, comparable to the quercetin standard range of 5.01 to 8.71 milligrams per millilitre. Purification using column chromatography yielded two active compounds, quercetin and beta-sitosterol. Because both molecules possess established antibacterial and antioxidant characteristics, their presence provides biological support for the traditional medicinal use of the plant.
Many communities rely on traditional plant remedies to treat bacterial infections and other illnesses. Identifying the specific chemical compounds responsible for therapeutic properties provides scientific evidence that helps validate indigenous medicinal practices. Demonstrating that crude plant extracts contain compounds with verified antioxidant and antimicrobial properties also contributes to the wider search for plant-derived leads to address bacterial infections.
This work represents early-stage natural product discovery that identifies active antibacterial and antioxidant molecules from a plant source. Pharmaceutical researchers and phytomedicine developers could potentially use these findings as baseline data for isolating active leads or developing standardised herbal extracts. However, as the research is restricted to laboratory-scale extraction and preliminary in vitro screening, the findings remain at a very early research stage and far from commercial use.
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The study was aimed at isolation of bioactive compounds from Chrozophora senegalensis, traditionally used for treating ailments. Plant sample was extracted with methanol using maceration and fractionated with solvents of varying polarity. Fractions were screened for antibacterial activities against clinical isolates. The most active ethylacetate fraction was evaluated for antioxidant potentials and purified on column chromatography. The antibacterial potential was significant relative to the standard with inhibition zones ranging from 10.43 - 21.53 mm against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity evaluation yielded fifty percent inhibitory concentrations (IC50) ranging from 6.30 - 7.46 mg/mL while that of quercetin standard ranged from 5.01 - 8.71 mg/mL using standard procedures. The purification effort yielded quercetin and ?-sitosterol. The two compounds are known to possess antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Consequently, the isolation of these phytomolecules from Chrozophora senegalensis crude extract partly justifies its use in traditional medicine.
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DOI: 10.22271/plants.2025.v13.i5b.1937
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