Bioactive constituents of n-butanol subfractions of Adansonia digitata and Corchorus olitorius against gamma-irradiation-induced hepatic damage, lipid profile and antioxidant alterations in rats

Abstract

Rats’ exposure to radiation led to an increased free radical from sub-toxic (24 µg/mol) to toxic concentration (120 µg/mol) in the system of rats. Free radical level exacerbate oxidative stress, thus, leading to hepatic damage, lipid profile and antioxidant alterations. This study investigated the effects of the bioactive constituent of n-butanol subfractions (subf) 1, 2, 3 and 4 of Adansonia digitata (A. digitata) and 1, 2 and 3 of Corchorus olitorius (C. olitorius) leaves on irradiation-induced hepatic damage, lipid profile and antioxidant alterations in system of Rats. A total of 54 rats (198 ± 5.00 g) were distributed into 9 groups of 6 each. Group I were fed with rat chow and distilled water only, all other groups were exposed to a single dose of 6 grey gamma irradiation, such that groups II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX were administered distilled water only, 1000 mg/kg body weight subfractions 1, 2, 3 and 4 of A. digitata, subfraction 1, 2 and 3 of C. olitorius respectively for 7 days. HPLC fingerprinting of the bioactive constituents of the subf of A. digitata and C. olitorius revealed the presence of catechin, eleagnin, quercetin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, luteolin, astragalin, tocopherol, quercetin and catechin respectively. Irradiation significantly (p<0.05) increased the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) in the control group (negative) when compared with other groups, but the administration of the subfr of both plants significantly(p<0.05) reduced the activities of the trio. The concentrations of the antioxidant enzymes were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the control group, when compared with other groups, but administration of the subf of both plants significantly (p<0.05) increased their concentrations, similar trend were observed in the lipid profile as observed in the antioxidant system. It can be concluded that n-butanol subf 1, 2, 3 and 4 of A. digitata and 1, 2 and 3 of C. olitorius contained the most effective bioactive constituents responsible for the attenuations of all the alteration.