Beyond shear-thinning hyperbolic tangent electromagnetic nanofluid flow-based blood in porous constricted channels: Electroosmotic and activation energy dynamics

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is the buildup of lipid deposits in the innermost layer of the artery, called the intima. It is the main cause of coronary artery disease and many brain-related disorders. This study looks at the unsteady magneto-electroosmotic flow of a shear-thinning hyperbolic tangent nanofluid in a porous, restricted artery. It takes radiative heat transfer, nonlinear convection, and activation energy into account. Chemical processes, Joule heating, and the modified Arrhenius equation are all included in a mathematical model. After converting the non-uniform domain into a uniform one, we use Crank–Nicolson finite difference methods to solve the governing equations. Based on the findings, the flow improves by approximately 10% when the Grashof numbers increase from 0 to 2, and the activation energy significantly reduces solute concentration. Electroosmotic forces (EOF) also significantly enhance temperature and concentration patterns, and entropy production increases with concentration gradients and thermal radiation levels. These investigations improve our understanding of how nanofluids behave in magnetic and electroosmotic situations. They also show the impact of this behavior on industrial and biological uses.