article · Microbiology Research International
An evaluation of Bundu and Nembe Creeks in Rivers State, Nigeria, assessed the impact of human activities on local surface water quality. Analysis showed significant differences between the two water bodies across most physical and chemical parameters, including pH, salinity, electrical conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand, while temperature remained similar. Bundu Creek exhibited higher turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand. In contrast, Nembe Creek displayed higher salinity, electrical conductivity, and greater populations of both total heterotrophic bacteria and hydrocarbon-utilising bacteria. Eleven bacterial taxa were identified in Bundu Creek and six in Nembe Creek, with genera such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella found across both sites. The results demonstrate noticeable bacterial contamination and distinct environmental profiles across the two creeks.
Surface waters in industrial and inhabited regions frequently absorb human-generated waste. Documenting the specific microbial populations and chemical markers helps environmental managers understand local pollution burdens. Identifying hydrocarbon-utilising and potentially pathogenic bacteria is crucial for assessing ecological damage and safeguarding the public health of surrounding communities.
This is early-stage environmental assessment research. The data could inform environmental monitoring agencies or municipal water managers developing remediation and pollution-control programmes. Additionally, the identified hydrocarbon-utilising bacteria might offer starting materials for developers of bioremediation agents, but no specific product, commercial tool, or application pathway is detailed in the text.
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Surface waters in the Niger Delta are increasingly influenced by anthropogenic activities that may alter their physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics. This study assessed the physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of Bundu and Nembe Creeks, Rivers State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from Bundu and Nembe Creeks and analysed for temperature, pH, salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) and hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria (HUB) were enumerated using standard microbiological methods. Representative bacterial isolates were characterized using conventional morphological, biochemical, and physiological procedures. Significant differences were observed between the two creeks in pH, salinity, EC, turbidity, DO, BOD5, and COD (P < 0.05), whereas temperature did not differ significantly (P = 0.215). Bundu Creek recorded higher turbidity (10.96 ± 0.14 NTU), DO (3.58 ± 0.36 mg/L), BOD5 (6.83 ± 0.03 mg/L), and COD (38.13 ± 0.85 mg/L), whereas Nembe Creek recorded higher salinity (5.58 ± 0.22‰) and EC (4520.00 ± 358.89 μS/cm). THB and HUB populations were higher in Nembe Creek (9.52 × 105 ± 6.30 × 105 and 2.20 × 104 ± 1.15 × 103 CFU/mL, respectively) than in Bundu Creek (4.36 × 104 ± 3.82 × 103 and 1.20 × 104 ± 8.16 × 102 CFU/mL, respectively). Eleven bacterial taxa were recovered from Bundu Creek and six from Nembe Creek, with Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter sp., and Klebsiella sp. occurring in both creeks. Overall, Bundu and Nembe Creeks exhibited distinct physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics, with evidence of bacterial contamination and the presence of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria. Continued monitoring and appropriate pollution-control measures are recommended to protect the ecological integrity and public-health quality of these aquatic environments.
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22640609
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