Assessment of Performance of 80W Monocrystalline Photovoltaic (PV) Module in Abuja FCT

Abstract

Solar PV modules are rated by manufacturers under Standard Test Conditions (STCs), which often differ from real outdoor operating conditions. Therefore, evaluating field performance is essential for accurate module selection and power prediction. In this study, a one-year performance assessment of an 80 W solar PV module manufactured by NSENI Solar Energy Limited was conducted in Abuja-FCT, Nigeria, using real-time measurements and simulation. Key electrical parameters (Pmax, VMP, and IMP), solar radiation, and module temperature were continuously monitored using calibrated instruments. In parallel, empirically based PV models incorporating manufacturer datasheet values and local climatic data were used for simulation. The results show significant deviations between STC ratings and outdoor performance. At certain periods, the module voltage and efficiency dropped below 12 V and 11%, compared to the rated 17.35 V and 18%. While VMP and efficiency decreased at high solar radiation, Pmax, IMP, and module temperature increased, with opposite trends observed under lower radiation levels. A strong agreement between measured and simulated maximum power outputs was obtained, with a correlation coefficient of 0.98 and an average error of about 5%. These findings confirm the reliability of the applied PV models and demonstrate that the developed testbed can be used as a practical PV module performance validation facility suitable for replication across Nigeria.