article · Water
A comprehensive framework for irrigation water performance assessment based on satellite data combines external and internal indicators. The external assessment covers water supply alongside agricultural and economic results, while the internal component assesses adequacy, equity, and dependability across space and time. Tested on the Al-Qased canal scheme in Egypt during the 2015 to 2016 winter season, crop water requirements were derived from Landsat 8 imagery using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land model. Indicators were rated across three classes from good to poor. The evaluation found poor irrigation efficiency at 51.2 percent due to water oversupply relative to crop needs, with net profit representing 7.84 percent of the gross crop production value. Internal measures rated as fair revealed uneven water distribution between canal sections and inadequate supply during key growing months.
Balancing water supply and demand in agriculture is essential for food production and resource sustainability. By relying on satellite observations, this framework identifies distribution bottlenecks, oversupply issues, and economic outcomes across canal schemes, helping water managers detect where delivery does not meet crop needs.
The methodology is applied and tested as a diagnostic tool using satellite data. It could potentially assist irrigation authorities, agricultural agencies, and water resource planners in monitoring canal performance and identifying inefficiencies. The abstract focuses entirely on academic demonstration in a specific canal network and does not specify a direct commercial pathway, software platform, or target readiness level.
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A comprehensive framework for irrigation water performance assessment (IWPA) based on satellite data was proposed. This framework consists of external IWPA (EIWPA) and internal IWPA (IIWPA). The EIWPA indicates the water supply as well as agricultural and economic performances. On the other hand, the IIWPA expresses the temporal and spatial performances of irrigation water use adequacy (PA), equity (PE), and dependability (PD) indicators. This framework was applied to the irrigation scheme of the Al-Qased canal in the Nile Delta, Egypt, during the winter between 2015 and 2016. The crop water requirements (ETc) were calculated using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) model and Landsat 8 images. Three classes, from “good” to “poor,” to classify the EIWPA and IIWPA values were proposed. The EIWPA was classified as “poor” in irrigation efficiency (51.2%) due to the oversupply of irrigation water in relation to the ETc while the economic indicators showed that the net profit was 7.84% of the gross value of crop production. The PE, PD, and PA were classified as “fair,” which indicated a non-uniform irrigation water distribution between the head and tail branch canals. Moreover, the irrigation water was inadequate during the growing months and could not meet the ETc. The framework presented an efficient tool for the IWPA in terms of spatial, temporal, agricultural, and economic performances.
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DOI: 10.3390/w10101375
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