Assessment of Grapevine Fleck Virus (GFkV) infection in Algerian vineyards

Abstract

Abstract This study investigates the prevalence and genetic characterization of Grapevine Fleck Virus (GFkV) in major Algerian vineyards. A total of 430 grapevine samples from 12 regions were analyzed using serological (DAS-ELISA), molecular (RT-PCR), and high-throughput sequencing (Illumina-NGS) methods. The results revealed a high overall infection rate of 65.8%, within the central and western regions showing the highest prevalence, while no infections were detected in the southern regions. Significant differences in infection rates were observed among grapevine cultivars. Genetic analysis of Algerian GFkV isolates confirmed the presence of conserved genomic regions and identified new sequence data submitted to GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Italian and Algerian isolates are related. These findings underscore the importance of integrating virus monitoring into national certification and plant health programs to safeguard the sustainability and productivity of Algeria's viticulture. Continued research and collaboration will be essential to mitigate the impact of viral diseases and ensure the long-term resilience of the country's grapevine industry.