Assessment of biomechanical injuries in drivers during sudden braking in automobile vehicles

Abstract

Research on injuries sustained by drivers, passengers, and vulnerable road users is a critical aspect of understanding vehicle accidents. In this study, the dynamic Characteristics of the driver dummy in automobile vehicle during emergency braking were studied using finite elements. Moreover, a FEM of 2010 Toyota Yaris and Hybrid III 50th percentile male model dummy were utilized to examine driver responses during emergency braking crash events. LS-DYNA, a tool commonly employed by the automotive industry, was used to analyze injuries to drivers and passengers in collisions. Based on the analysis results from LS-DYNA, the safe speed for the automobile vehicle determined at which stopping the vehicle does not cause injury to the driver and passenger. When the vehicle brakes from 36 KMPH, the maximum value, maximum resultant force, maximum chest deflection, and maximum force exerted on the femur of HIC36 are 983.9, 3120 N, 47.1 mm, and 5.42 kN, respectively. These values are below the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMSS) injury criteria limit.